DIGITAL CONTENT PRODUCTION
Level 3 btec national @ st peter's high school.


Codes & Conventions: Article Page Layouts
Magazine Articles use codes and conventions such as:
- Headings – headlines / sub-headings
- Composition – grid structures / balance / use of white space
- Page numbering and folios
- Design elements – colour / graphics / typography and layout to engage with specific target audience
- Text / Image / Graphics combined to create meaning for audience within specific market/genre.

A) Find 4 different magazine articles – place them side by side and (looking at them all) identify and annotate the key conventions they all use.
B) Pick one film magazine article and deconstruct it in detail. Identify a) the codes and conventions the article uses b) how the article communicates to it’s target audience?
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Digital Magazine Production
Codes and Conventions: Articles
Magazine Articles use codes and conventions such as:
- Headings – headlines / sub-headings
- Composition – grid structures / balance / use of white space
- Page numbering and folios
- Design elements – colour / graphics / typography and layout to engage with specific target audience
- Text / Image / Graphics combined to create meaning for audience within specific market/genre.
Examples in Print and Digital:

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- 1. The Generic Conventions of Magazines: Feature Articles The feature article is usually the reason why the reader has bought the magazine – the star should dominate. Celebrities and stars as your feature are one of the ways that magazines guarantee sales. The cover price of a magazine does not pay for the magazine to be published. The majority of the money that makes the magazine possible comes from advertising revenue. Therefore your magazine has to appeal to its audience and sell well (have large circulation figures) to make profit. The house style of the magazine is Usually feature articles are double page Again the images should continued throughout the pages - spreads – but they also can be a single page dominate - 1 large image here the same fonts and red, like this one (usually accompanied by some and other smaller ones white and black colours. pages of photographs.) (usually different - location /settings to studio cover shot to Headlines and make the article subheadings to interesting.) explain the story and catch the audiences’ interest (usually witty, puns Don’t be afraid of based on the white space / negative star/artist or their space- there is usually a new album/tour lot of this in feature etc…) articles - use it to frame your writing and images Remember stars and artists do not Anchorage – appear in text to explain magazines unless the images is they have common something to sell (album/tour/DVD) - so remember to Text Grabs push this through (quotes from the your article and article made refer to it at the bigger that end! break up the columns) are typical, again to make the reader read the article - The they are usually title/masthead controversial, usually appears funny or rude! on every page Depending on your audience - your writing should be clear and easy to follow - directed straight at the reader (mode of address.) Usually informal in most magazines and sometimes using slang words (that may be appropriate to your genre of music) and swear words etc... (Read some articles before writing your own!)
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Magazine Cover Analysis
Introduction.
Magazines remain a key part of the media landscape. Some specialist publications target a niche audience while others are more mainstream and appeal to a range of ages and interests. With such a competitive market, a combination of a strong image or concept with snippets of stories is required to grab the audience’s attention. This guide will walk you through the codes and conventions of magazine covers.
If you would like to annotate your own copy of the front cover, you can download the worksheet . You can also view a larger version of the page by right-clicking on the image and opening it in a new window.

In publishing, the masthead refers to the title of the magazine. Printed in large type, it is usually positioned at the top of the page and fills the width of the cover. These factors ensure the brand is instantly recognisable.
The choice of colour and font weight will connect to the genre and ideology of the magazine. Consider the difference between the rough display type of “Kerrang” compared to the elegance of “Brides” magazine:

Although the colour of the title will change according to the particular needs of the issue, the black and grungy title here connotes a rebellious quality, and the use of bold weighting and capital letters conveys confidence. These meanings will resonate with the psychographic profile of the target audience. The lack of space between the letters, known as kerning, makes title visually appealing because we are not distracted by empty spaces. The word kerrang is defined as a power chord struck on the guitar. In some ways, the presentation of the title echoes this meaning.
“Kerrang’s” nameplate is set in a modern typeface called Druk Condensed Super Italic . This sans-serif font is much brasher than the graceful serif of the Eldorado Relay typeface used by “Brides”. Again, the colour of the masthead will change to match the palette of each issue, but this magazine tends to use gold, pink and white quite regularly because of their associations with femininity and luxury. The capital letters look self-assured and ensure the title is the centre of attention.
If you look closely, you can see manual kerning has been employed so the space between each letter is tight but appropriate. Zoom in and spot the difference between “B” and “R” compared to “I” and “D”. This variation ensures the title is as big as possible on the cover but remains legible to the reader.
More generally, if the publication is well-known, the masthead might be obscured by the main image. This layering effect a nice design feature and is aesthetically pleasing.
In conclusion, the masthead should establish the brand and its values. This can be achieved through the choice of font and position on the cover. These two examples certainly encode a clear message to the audience.
Cover Image
Celebrity sells. Many publications note a sharp increase in revenue when the most famous faces dominate the cover. Music magazines will splash an image of a popular band or artist on the front page, while the main actor from the latest blockbuster will no doubt help sell a film magazine.
Invariably, the direct gaze of the person will pierce the viewer and a medium shot or close-up will connect us to the emotional energy of the glamorous model or star. Other non-verbal codes will help support the magazine’s values and message, such as how a smiling bride or the powerful stance of a sports star encode the right meaning for the target audience.
To achieve the most appropriate representation, the mise-en-scène needs to be controlled so expect the main image to be taken from a studio photoshoot. High key lighting is used in fashion magazines to the keep the image fresh and youthful.
Of course, the main image will be directly related to the lead article.
Featured Article
Magazines are full of news reviews, interviews, opinion pieces, exposes, and behind the scenes stories. However, a feature is a longer piece of writing which covers an issue in greater depth than a normal report. The lead article will also be some sort of exclusive with the broadest appeal to the readership.
To give the story prominence, the designers will use large lettering and position the words in a contrasting colour to the background image. In our mock-up, the headline is a similar blue to the character’s clothes, so an opaque box was added to help make it stand out to the reader.
Other important stories are floated along the sides of the cover. Bold and italics will emphasise the text. No matter if they are human interest stories, celebrity gossip, or a profile of a famous politician, short and catchy buzzwords are used to tease the reader into buying the magazine. Enigma codes are also very engaging because they encourage to reader to find out more. Of course, the mode of address will vary depending on the publication, especially if the readers expect the language to be formal or informal.
There might also be a colour connection between the clothing worn by the cover actor and the font choice. In the mock-up, coverline one matches the blue outfit of the character. For the other stories, blue and pink are appealing contrasting colours.
If you are designing your own magazine cover for your coursework, remember it is really difficult to make the headlines stand out if they are placed on a pattern or mixed-coloured background.
Puffs, Plugs and Boxouts
If you do have a multicoloured background with very few areas of high contrast between light and shade, boxouts provide a great way to get your ideas across to the audience. They are simply coloured squares or rectangles positioned beneath the text to help the words stand out.
Another common convention of magazine covers is puffs. These eye-catching graphics are used to draw attention to the text. Instead of a square, the puff in our example is a circle and is conveniently identified by the words “Wow” and “This is a puff”. Importantly, a drop shadow has been used to create a sticker effect which is very popular with designers.
A strong outline, such as the one used for the “Win Stuff”, or a star shape are often used to plug a competition or some other incentive to purchase the magazine.

Strips and Banners
Look at the bottom of our mock-up and you will see a blue strip running across the cover and containing a list of items. These strips usually include information about more minor articles and regular features inside the magazine.
A banner is a larger version of this approach.
Price, Issue and Sell Lines
Magazines should include the date, issue, price and barcode on the cover. If you are creating your own cover, remember to add these details.
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Codes And Conventions Of Magazines
by Millie Felton
Many Magazines will be of a certain genre and will apply conventions associated to this genre in order to market towards a target audience. For example, a magazine targeting towards a certain gender will usually have a ... More
Many Magazines will be of a certain genre and will apply conventions associated to this genre in order to market towards a target audience. For example, a magazine targeting towards a certain gender will usually have a photograph of a celebrity of that gender as their main image. Magazines will also use colour to target towards a particular audience, for example pastel colours such as bright pink and purple could be associated to teen magazines such as seventeen and darker colours such as blue and black may be associated with male targeted magazine such as GQ or Men’s Health. The text used within different genres of magazine are also visibly different and are purposely designed this way in order to attract their target audience. For example, on the front cover of a women’s magazine it is very likely to have Sub Less
- Related publications
- Add to favorites
Magazine Article Conventions
A feature article differs from a straight news story In several ways. A news story provides Information about a (generally current) event or situation. A feature article has more functionality and longevity- It Interprets news, adds depth, opinion or entertainment.
Essay Example on Structural Conventions
Headline: The headline of a feature article uses bold and descriptive language to draw the attention of the reader. Also works to construct a vivid image In the mind of the reader. Headline is always visually appealing: bold and clear.
Can sometimes contain Jokes. Puns or provocative language to entertain reader. Can also ask rhetorical questions.
Introduction: The introduction entices the reader, whilst clarifying the subject. It establishes the writer’s point of view/thesis. Uses direct quotations, recounts, questions, descriptions or a personal Interest story (the experiences of a person unique to the topic) to encourage readers to read further.
Body: Goes Into further detail about the topic. Answers any unanswered questions raised in the introduction.
Uses direct quotations, expert opinions, interviews, anecdotes, statistics and facts. Avoids lengthy complex paragraphs as articles are often written in columns.
Conclusion: Closes the epic by making final conclusions. Malignant the mood of the story.
Language: The language used in feature articles is persuasive and emotive: intended to create a particular emotional response in the mind of the reader (this could range from sorrow to anger or intrigue depending on the article). Articles can sometimes use “catch phrases” or a repetitive phrase to trigger a response In the audience.

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Selection and omission of detail Is significant. Language can sometimes be bold and exaggerated to create an emotional response: when reading, highlight words with particularly strong connotations.
Makes use of motive language, inclusive language (we, our), rhetorical questions and a mixture of long and short sentences. The language is also well suited to the target audience. For example, a feature article from Girlfriend magazine may use vocabulary that is suited to a young teenage reader, where as The New York Magazine may make specific references to places and words only New Yorkers would know. Images, data, graphs and statistics: Images that are unique to the story are often used to add to the emotion of the story. Photos of the people featured in the human-interest stories are often used.
Graphs ND pie charts are sometimes used as they add a visual element and can often “snack” ten reader. CE rattan Important quotations are Elodea Ana drawn out AT ten text to catch the reader’s attention (even if they do not read the full article, they are aware of the impact through the quotations used). Source and target audience: When analyzing a feature article, you must ask: What source did the article come from (I. E. What magazine, newspaper of Internet source)? Does the writer have an agenda (I. E. Are they trying to promote a particular point of view)?
Who is the intended target audience (you can determine this by tidying the language, and visual cues such as colors and images used)? Is the article free or do you have to pay to access it? Bias and point of view: Bias is the representation of one side of an issue or topic, without exploring or acknowledging an equally valid (but opposing) point of view. The writers of feature articles sometimes face pressure to promote a particular product, way of thinking or political point of view. Feature articles will also present “one side of the story’: writers may omit (leave out) certain ideas to add to the emotional power of the story.
Cite this page
Magazine Article Conventions. (2019, Nov 27). Retrieved from https://paperap.com/paper-on-feature-article-conventions/
"Magazine Article Conventions." PaperAp.com , 27 Nov 2019, https://paperap.com/paper-on-feature-article-conventions/
PaperAp.com. (2019). Magazine Article Conventions . [Online]. Available at: https://paperap.com/paper-on-feature-article-conventions/ [Accessed: 22 Mar. 2023]
"Magazine Article Conventions." PaperAp.com, Nov 27, 2019. Accessed March 22, 2023. https://paperap.com/paper-on-feature-article-conventions/
"Magazine Article Conventions," PaperAp.com , 27-Nov-2019. [Online]. Available: https://paperap.com/paper-on-feature-article-conventions/. [Accessed: 22-Mar-2023]
PaperAp.com. (2019). Magazine Article Conventions . [Online]. Available at: https://paperap.com/paper-on-feature-article-conventions/ [Accessed: 22-Mar-2023]
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Opinion Columns
Infographics/image, broadsheets, internet article, paper 1: texts and conventions, structural elements.
- Salutation - shows the relationship between speaker and audience.
- Establishes purpose
- Introduces stance of the speaker
- Relates to the audience
- Purpose is emphasised through different techniques.
- Repetition of the purpose using rhetorical devices.
- Proving the benefits of the purpose using appeals.
- Call to action
- Concludes message and ends with finality.
- Linguistic elements
- Aristotelian appeal: Logos, ethos, and pathos
- Use of facts and figures
- Anecdotes or personal examples
- Figurative language (simile, metaphor, personification, imagery)
- Hyperphora, anaphora, rhetorical structures
- parallel structures, tricolon
- Asyndeton, polysyndeton
- Personalised language, usage of second person pronoun
- Masthead or title
- Strapline under headline, more detail
- Short paragraph summarising entire article
- Generates interest in the audience
- name of the writer
- Image and caption
- One or two lines that grabs the attention of the audience.
- Pulled out of the matter
- relevant and important text.
- States the purpose and topic.
- States the relevance of the topic by relating to the audience.
- Body matter (largest part)
- Author gives a comment
- Talks about an investigation
- Predicts a consequence
- Call to action.
- Shows the credibility of the journalist.
- Call to action, eg. comment on twitter, etc.
- Inherits all conventions from article.
- Opinion is stated very strongly in first paragraph.
- Body paragraphs have arguments in favour and rebuttic arguments.
- Newspapers and magazines often have columnists who write for them
- Generally speaking, newspapers or magazines want there to be a cult of personality surrounding these columnists to generate good sales and brand loyalty
- Columnists may be very outspoken in their opinions
- Nevertheless, their opinions are in tune with the readership of a particular magazine or newspaper
- Furthermore, their opinions are newsworthy, meaning that they both comment on the hot topics of the day and their opinions are worthy of publication.
Structural Elements
- Introduces the issue and states the writer’s stance.
- Strongly puts forth call to action.
- At times, the reader of a magazine or newspaper gets to hear the editor’s voice directly
- This usually takes the form of a brief explanation or justification on hoe they have decided to cover a topic in their newspaper or magazine
- Remember editors are the gatekeepers at a publishing house who decide what goes in to the final publication
- In an editorial they may comment on their journalists’ fieldwork, their columnists’ reputation, or their newspapers’ status in society
- This is written by a renowned person, somebody who has authority in a field.
- Opposes the stance of the editorial.
- Written prose piece typically published by a newspaper or a magazine written by a named writer/public personality usually not affiliated by the publication’s editorial board
- Op Eds are different from editorials (which are usually unsigned and written by the editorial board members) or Letters to the editor (which are submitted by the readers to the journal/newspaper)
- the general of an army may write an op-ed about the status of war
- a famous rockstar may write an op-ed in Rolling Stone magazine
- the president of a country may write a letter to a political opponent, which he or she wishes to be published as an op-ed
Features common with editorials
- Short sentences and simple sentence construction
- Active voice rather than passive voice in verbs
- Short words from common vocabulary
- Almost no use of number or math
- Attention grabbing title
- Important point first, not last
- Use of people’s first and last names for ‘human interest’
- Affiliation language (business, university, titles, location) for persuasion
- Who, what, when, where, why, how
- Contains all the conventions of a cartoon or a graphic novel.
- Stacking and flow between images and photographs.
- Number of images
- Spacing and use of negative space
Graphical/linguistic elements
- Camera angles
- Colour scheme - light and shade
- Simple, fluent language
- Use of formatted text
- Facial/bodily gestures and expressions
- Begins and ends with a hook , an attention grabber.
- Retains the curiosity and interest.
- Feedback mechanisms from the audience are present.
Linguistic Elements
- Audience focused
- Follows online conventions
- Figurative, but to the point
- Sets out the purpose of the letter
- Introduces context and content for analysis
- Contains statement of intent
- Contains purpose and contextual clues
- Call to action (formal open letter)
- Reiterating purpose + intent
- Pleasantries
- The tone, which establishes the relationship of the writer to the primary audience
- Relatability of the text
- Purpose of the writer
- Contextual references
- Minced words, euphemisms
- Vernacular/local language
- Sarcastic elements
- Uses emotive, personal language
- The hidden implications of the text
- The real meaning of the text below the language
- Use of puns
- Use of alliteration
- Exaggeration for effect
- Colloquial language
- Informal names used
- Short, snappy sentences
- Heightened language (over the top)
- Brand names
- Sexual innuendos
- A focus upon appearance / colours
- Frequent use of elision e.g. won’t, don’t.
- More formal
- Metaphors rather than puns (puns - sometimes used, although more subtle)
- subtle rhetoric
- More complex sentences (look for sentences separated by lots of commas, semi-colons etc.)
- Descriptions of people tends to relate to personality or position in society ;
- Politician’s comments often included, with a commentary by the journalist
- Focusses more on being authenticity and sophistication
- Name of the journal – masthead
- Contextual information under the headline, it establishes relevance of lead story – standfirst
- Name of the writer, when it was published, place – by-line
- Selective excerpts magnified - pull quote
- Quotations/sources
- Other reading suggestions - off-lead
Characteristics
- Voice – this refers to many aspects of language including word choice, verb tense, tone and imagery
- Newsworthy – is the column relevant to its time? What makes it newsworthy?
- Call to action – columnist usually call on the reader to become involved or care about an issue
- Humour – this is really an aspect of voice; humour usually helps readers see a topic through an original and fun perspective
- Hard facts – this aspect of newsworthiness gives an opinion column credibility
- Logos – appealing to logic will help persuade your readers
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Codes & Conventions: Article Page Layouts · Headings – headlines / sub-headings · Columns · Composition – grid structures / balance / use of white
Codes and Conventions: Articles · Headings – headlines / sub-headings · Columns · Composition – grid structures / balance / use of white space
Influence for Magazine Article · Usually the layout is in columns of three or four · One main image that relates to the feature article · Use the same colour
The cover will have captions, slogans and tag lines. There will be pugs and it also include a barcode, price and the date. Magazine covers are usually eye-
break up the columns) are typical, again to make the reader read the article - The they are usually title/masthead controversial, usually
How do you structure a magazine article? ... An effective article is structured into three parts: the introduction, the body, and conclusion. The
However, a feature is a longer piece of writing which covers an issue in greater depth than a normal report. The lead article will also be some
‐ Tagline. Near the masthead and describes the genre and what the magazine is about. ‐ Main cover line. This is the main story and is usually related to the
Essay Example on Structural Conventions · Headline: The headline of a feature article uses bold and descriptive language to draw the attention of the reader.
Internet Article · Name of the journal – masthead · Headline · Contextual information under the headline, it establishes relevance of lead story – standfirst