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Stay Up to Date with COVID-19 Vaccines Including Boosters
What you need to know, children and teens aged 6 months–17 years, adults aged 18 years and older.
- Getting a COVID-19 vaccine after you have recovered from COVID-19 infection provides added protection against COVID-19.
- People who are moderately or severely immunocompromised have different recommendations for COVID-19 vaccines .
- COVID-19 vaccine and booster recommendations may be updated as CDC continues to monitor the latest COVID-19 data.
Updated Boosters Are Recommended
CDC recommends 1 updated booster dose :
- For everyone aged 5 years and older who completed their primary series.
- For children aged 6 months–4 years who completed the Moderna primary series.
There is no booster recommendation for children aged 6 months–4 years who got the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine primary series.
About COVID-19 Vaccines
COVID-19 vaccines available in the United States are effective at protecting people from getting seriously ill, being hospitalized, and dying. As with other vaccine-preventable diseases, you are protected best from COVID-19 when you stay up to date with the recommended vaccinations, including recommended boosters.
Four COVID-19 vaccines are approved or authorized in the United States:
- Pfizer-BioNTech
- Johnson & Johnson’s Janssen (J&J/Janssen) (CDC recommends that the J&J/Janssen COVID-19 vaccine only be considered in certain situations , due to safety concerns.)
To find COVID-19 vaccine locations near you: Search vaccines.gov , text your ZIP code to 438829, or call 1-800-232-0233.
COVID-19 Boosters
The updated boosters are called “updated” because they protect against both the original virus that causes COVID-19 and the Omicron variant BA.4 and BA.5. Two COVID-19 vaccine manufacturers, Pfizer and Moderna, have developed updated COVID-19 boosters.
Updated COVID-19 boosters became available on:
- September 2, 2022, for people aged 12 years and older
- October 12, 2022, for people aged 5–11 years
- December 9, 2022, for children aged 6 months–4 years who completed the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine primary series
If you have received your updated booster dose, you are currently up to date. There is not a recommendation to get another updated booster dose.
Previous boosters are called “original” because they were designed to protect against the original virus that causes COVID-19. They also provide some protection against Omicron, but not as much as the updated boosters.
When Are You Up to Date?
You are up to date with your COVID-19 vaccines when you have completed a COVID-19 vaccine primary series and got the most recent booster dose recommended for you by CDC.
- If you have completed your primary series—but are not yet eligible for a booster—you are also considered up to date.
- If you become ill with COVID-19 after you received all COVID-19 vaccine doses recommended for you, you are also considered up to date. You do not need to be revaccinated or receive an additional booster.
COVID-19 vaccine recommendations are based on three things:
- The vaccine you first received, and
- The length of time since your last dose
People who are moderately or severely immunocompromised have different recommendations for COVID-19 vaccines .
Getting Vaccines If You Had or Currently Have COVID-19
If you recently had COVID-19, you still need to stay up to date with your vaccines, but you may consider delaying your next vaccine dose (whether a primary dose or booster) by 3 months from:
- when your symptoms started.
- Or, if you had no symptoms, when you first received a positive test.
Reinfection is less likely in the weeks to months after infection. However, certain factors could be reasons to get a vaccine sooner rather than later, such as:
- personal risk of severe disease,
- or risk of disease in a loved one or close contact,
- local COVID-19 Community Level ,
- and the most common COVID-19 variant currently causing illness.
COVID-19 vaccine dosage is based on age on the day of vaccination, not on size or weight. Children get a smaller dose of COVID-19 vaccine than teens and adults.
3–8 weeks after 1st dose More details: Getting your 2nd dose
At least 8 weeks after 2nd dose
Up to Date: 2 weeks after 3rd dose; there is not a recommendation for an updated Pfizer-BioNTech booster for this age group More details: Staying up to date
At least 2 months after 2nd dose or last booster, children aged 5 years can only get a Pfizer-BioNTech booster , and children aged 6–11 years can get a Pfizer-BioNTech or Moderna booster.
Up to Date: Immediately after you have received the most recent booster recommended for you More details: Staying up to date
At least 2 months after 2nd dose or last booster
4–8 weeks after 1st dose More details: Getting your 2nd dose
At least 2 months after 2nd Moderna dose, children aged 6 months–4 years can only get a Moderna booster , and children aged 5 years can get a Pfizer-BioNTech or Moderna updated booster .
Up to Date: Immediately after receiving an updated booster More details: Staying up to date
At least 2 months after 2nd primary series dose
Novavax is not authorized as a booster dose at this time.
3-8 weeks after 1st dose More details: Getting your 2nd dose
Up to Date: Immediately after you have received the most recent booster recommended for you More details: Staying up to date
3–8 weeks after 1st dose More details: Getting your 2nd dose
At least 2 months after 2nd primary series dose or last booster
A Novavax booster is available in limited situations. More details: Novavax booster
Up to Date: Immediately after you have received the most recent booster recommended for you More details: Staying up to date
A J&J/Janssen booster is available in limited situations. More details: J&J/Janssen booster
Getting your 2nd dose: Talk to your healthcare or vaccine provider about the timing for the 2nd dose in your primary series.
- A longer time between the 1st and 2nd primary doses may increase how much protection the vaccines offer, and further minimize the rare risk of myocarditis and pericarditis .
- Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine 3 weeks (or 21 days) after the first dose.
- Moderna COVID-19 vaccine 4 weeks (or 28 days) after the first dose.
- Novavax COVID-19 vaccine 3 weeks (or 21 days) after the first dose.
Novavax booster : You may get a Novavax booster if you are unable or unwilling to receive a Pfizer or Moderna updated COVID-19 booster and you meet the following requirements:
- You are 18 years of age or older
- You completed a COVID-19 vaccine primary series at least 6 months ago
- You have not gotten any other booster dose
One updated booster dose : If you have completed your updated booster dose, you are currently up to date. There is not a recommendation to get another updated booster dose.
Staying up to date: If you have completed your primary series, but are not yet eligible for a booster, you are also considered up to date.
Mixing COVID-19 Vaccine Products
Do not mix primary series.
CDC does not recommend mixing products for your primary series doses. If you received Pfizer-BioNTech, Moderna, or Novavax for the first dose of your primary series, you should get the same product for all following primary series doses.
Mixing Boosters
The following information applies to people who want to get different products for their booster vaccine.
Children aged 6 months–4 years should get the same product for all their primary series and booster, if eligible.
However, children who only completed 2 doses of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccines should get the Pfizer-BioNTech updated vaccine as the 3rd dose in their primary series.
Children aged 6 months–4 years who completed the 2-dose Moderna primary series should get an updated Moderna booster.
Children aged 5 who completed the Pfizer-BioNTech primary series should only get the updated Pfizer-BioNTech booster.
Children aged 5 who completed the Moderna primary series can get a different product for their updated booster than they got for their primary series.
People ages 6 years and older can get a different product for their updated booster than they got for their primary series or last booster.
- Do you need to wait to get vaccinated after getting COVID-19 or getting treatment for COVID-19?
- How can you prepare for vaccination?
- What can you expect during and after your vaccination?
Vaccination Received Outside the United States
Specific recommendations for people vaccinated outside the United States depend on whether:
- The vaccine(s) received are accepted in the United States as valid vaccinations
- The primary series was completed and, if eligible, a booster dose was received
These recommendations apply only to people who are not moderately or severely immunocompromised.
Vaccines approved or authorized by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) currently include:
- Johnson & Johnson’s Janssen
Vaccines listed for emergency use by the World Health Organization (WHO) currently include those that are listed above and the following:
- AstraZeneca/Oxford vaccine
If You Receive a Vaccine That is Not in the U.S. Accepted List Above
- Wait at least 28 days after the last dose you received of that vaccine then start COVID-19 vaccination over with a COVID-19 vaccine that has been approved or authorized by the FDA.
- If the FDA has not approved or authorized a vaccine there may be limited data available or reviewed on the safety or effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccine.
How to Complete a Primary Series
- Receive 1 dose of a single-dose accepted COVID-19 vaccine
- Receive 2 doses of a 2-dose accepted COVID-19 vaccine
CDC does not recommend mixing different COVID-19 vaccines for the primary series, but CDC is aware that mixing COVID-19 vaccines for the primary series is increasingly common in many countries outside the United States. Therefore, people who receive a mixed primary series, meaning two different COVID-19 vaccines, have completed the series.
If You Started But Didn’t Complete a Primary Series
- You will need to complete the primary series. If you got 1 dose of Moderna, Novavax, or Pfizer-BioNTech, it is best to get the same vaccine again to complete the primary series.
After Completing a Primary Series
If you are not yet eligible for a booster, you are considered up to date. Otherwise, stay up to date by getting the booster recommended for you as soon as a booster is recommended for you based on your age and the appropriate time has passed since completing the primary series.
The white CDC COVID-19 vaccination cards are issued only to people vaccinated in the United States. CDC recommends that people vaccinated outside of the United States keep their documentation of being vaccinated in another country as proof of vaccination. CDC does not keep vaccination records nor determine how vaccination records are used. People can update their records with vaccines they received while outside of the United States by:
- Contacting the immunization information system (IIS) in their state.
- Contacting their healthcare provider or local or state immunization program through their state’s health department .
Learn more about COVID-19 vaccination cards .
For Healthcare Workers: Learn more about the recommendations for people vaccinated outside of the United States .
For Healthcare and Public Health
Use of COVID-19 Vaccines in the United States: Interim Clinical Considerations
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COVID-19 vaccines for kids: What you need to know
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines are now available to children in the U.S. Here's what parents and kids need to know about the safety and effectiveness of the vaccine, the possible side effects, and the benefits of getting vaccinated.
If children don't frequently experience severe illness with COVID-19, why do they need a COVID-19 vaccine?
What covid-19 vaccines, additional primary shots and boosters are available to kids in the u.s., how did the fda determine the safety and effectiveness of the covid-19 vaccines for use in kids, what are the side effects of the covid-19 vaccines for kids, can covid-19 vaccines affect the heart, is there any research on the long-term effects of the covid-19 vaccines, how do the mrna covid-19 vaccines work, is there any difference in the covid-19 vaccines for children and adults, are there any children who shouldn't get a covid-19 vaccine, can a covid-19 vaccine give a child covid-19, can a covid-19 vaccine affect fertility or menstruation, can children who get covid-19 experience long-term effects, how can children get a covid-19 vaccine, how soon can a child get a covid-19 vaccine before or after getting another vaccine.
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A COVID-19 vaccine and booster, updated to the most common strain of the virus that causes COVID-19 , might prevent your child from getting the COVID-19 virus or becoming seriously ill or hospitalized due to COVID-19 .
Getting a COVID-19 vaccine can help your child more safely participate in sports and other group activities too.
In the U.S., COVID-19 vaccines are available to children by age group:
Ages 6 months through 4 or 5 years old. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has given emergency use authorization to a Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine for children ages 6 months through 4 years old. This vaccine requires three shots. The first two shots are given three to eight weeks apart. The third shot is given at least eight weeks after the second shot. Research shows that the three shots have produced antibody levels similar to those in young adults after getting the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine.
The FDA also has given emergency use authorization to a Moderna COVID-19 vaccine for children ages 6 months through 5 years old. This vaccine requires two shots, given four to eight weeks apart. It’s estimated that this vaccine is about 51% effective in preventing COVID-19 in babies ages 6 months through 23 months. For kids ages 2 through 5 years old, the vaccine is estimated to be 37% effective in preventing COVID-19 .
Both vaccines contain lower amounts of mRNA than the mRNA COVID-19 vaccines for older children and adults.
Ages 5 or 6 through 11. The FDA has given emergency use authorization to a Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine for children ages 5 through 11. This vaccine involves two shots, given three to eight weeks apart. It contains a lower amount of mRNA than the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine used for people age 12 and older. Research shows that this vaccine is about 91% effective in preventing COVID-19 in this age group.
The FDA also has given emergency use authorization to a Moderna COVID-19 vaccine for children ages 6 through 11. This vaccine requires two shots, given four to eight weeks apart. For kids in this age group, the Moderna vaccine causes an immune response similar to that seen in adults.
Both vaccines contain lower amounts of mRNA than the COVID-19 vaccines for people age 12 and older.
Ages 12 through 17. The FDA has approved the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine, now called Comirnaty, for people age 12 through 17. This vaccine involves three shots. The first two are given three to eight weeks apart. The third shot, a booster, is given at least two months after the second shot. It contains the same amount of mRNA as the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine for people age 16 and older. Research has shown that this vaccine is 100% effective in preventing COVID-19 in children ages 12 through 15.
This vaccine is 91% effective in preventing severe illness with COVID-19 in people age 16 and older.
The FDA also has given emergency use authorization to a Moderna COVID-19 vaccine for children ages 12 through 17. This vaccine requires two shots, given four to eight weeks apart. It contains the same amount of mRNA as the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine for people age 18 and older. For kids ages 12 through 17, the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine causes an immune response similar to that seen in adults.
The FDA has also given emergency use authorization to a Novavax COVID-19 vaccine for people age 12 and older. This vaccine requires two shots, given three to eight weeks apart. Based on research submitted to the FDA , in children age 12 through 17, this vaccine is about 78% effective in preventing symptomatic COVID-19 illness.
An eight-week interval between the first and second doses might be best for some people, especially males ages 12 to 39. A longer interval might increase protection against COVID-19 and reduce the risk of rare heart problems, such as myocarditis and pericarditis.
An additional primary shot of a COVID-19 vaccine can help people who are vaccinated and might not have had a strong enough immune response. The CDC now recommends that children age 6 months to 5 years who have a weakened immune system get at additional dose of the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine at least four weeks after their second shot.
Children ages 5 and older who have moderately or severely weakened immune systems should get additional doses of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine or the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine. This shot should be given at least four weeks after the second shot for kids ages 5 through 11 for the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine and the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine. For kids ages 12 and older the additional shot should be given at least four weeks after the second shot for the Pfizer BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine and Moderna COVID-19 vaccine.
Booster doses can help people who are vaccinated and whose immune response weakened over time. Research suggests that getting a booster dose can decrease the risk of infection and severe illness with COVID-19 .
These recommendations differ by age, what vaccines you have been given and the state of your immune system. But in general, people can get the booster shot at least two months after their last shot. People who recently had a positive COVID-19 test may think about waiting three months after their symptoms started to get the booster.
- Ages 6 months to 5 years. Kids ages 6 months through 5 years who got the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine can get an updated, called bivalent, Moderna COVID-19 vaccine booster. The booster is based on the original virus strain and two omicron strains.
- Age 5 and older. Kids age 5 who got the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine can only get the updated Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 bivalent vaccine booster. People age 6 and older can choose between the Pfizer-BioNTech and the Moderna COVID-19 bivalent vaccine boosters.
- Booster doses for people with weakened immune systems. People age 5 and older who have a weakened immune system and have had all recommended doses of the Moderna, Pfizer-BioNTech or Novavax COVID-19 vaccines can get a booster dose of the updated Pfizer-BioNTech or Moderna COVID-19 bivalent vaccines.
For kids ages 5 through 11, the FDA reviewed a vaccine study of more than 4,600 children in this age range. Of this group, about 3,100 were given the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine. The other children were given an inactive shot, also called a placebo. Children who were given the vaccine were monitored for side effects for at least 2 months after the second dose. Side effects were generally mild to moderate.
The FDA also took an early look at cases of COVID-19 that occurred one week after children were given a second dose of the vaccine. None of the children in this analysis had been previously diagnosed with COVID-19 . Among 1,305 children given the vaccine, there were 3 cases of COVID-19 . Among 663 children given the placebo, there were 16 cases of COVID-19 . The results suggest that the vaccine is about 91% effective in preventing COVID-19 in this age group.
For kids ages 12 through 15, the FDA reviewed a vaccine study of more than 2,200 U.S. children in this age range. Of this group, about half were given the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine. The other children were given a placebo shot.
A week after the second dose was given, there were no cases of COVID-19 in the 1,005 children given the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine. Among 978 children given the placebo, there were 16 cases of COVID-19 . None of the children had previously been diagnosed with COVID-19 . The results suggest that the vaccine is 100% effective at preventing COVID-19 in this age group.
To determine the effectiveness of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine for kids ages 6 months through 4 and the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine for kids ages 6 months through 17 years old, the FDA looked at the immune responses of children in these age groups after they were fully vaccinated. The FDA compared those responses to the immune responses of young adults who’d been given higher doses of the same mRNA vaccine.
As with the other vaccines, side effects were recorded and a portion of the children were monitored for safety for at least two months after being fully vaccinated.
To determine the effectiveness of the Novavax COVID-19 vaccine, the FDA reviewed data on 2,232 people age 12 to 17. The research suggests that the vaccine was about 78% effective at preventing COVID-19 disease in this age group.
Children given COVID-19 vaccines have side effects similar to those experienced by adults. The most commonly reported side effects include:
- Pain, redness or swelling where the shot was given
- Muscle pain
- Swollen lymph nodes
- Nausea and vomiting
- Feeling unwell
Babies ages 6 months through 3 years old also might cry, feel sleepy or lose their appetite after vaccination.
Similar to adults, children have side effects within 2 days after vaccination that typically last 1 to 3 days. More children reported these side effects, except for injection site pain, after the second dose of the vaccine. However, some people have no side effects.
After your child is given a COVID-19 vaccine, they will be monitored for 15 to 30 minutes to see if they have an allergic reaction that requires treatment.
It isn't recommended that you give your child an over-the-counter pain reliever before vaccination to prevent side effects. It's OK to give this kind of medication after your child gets a COVID-19 vaccine.
In the U.S., there has been an increase in reported cases of myocarditis and pericarditis after mRNA COVID-19 vaccination, particularly in males ages 12 to 29. Myocarditis is the inflammation of the heart muscle, while pericarditis is the inflammation of the lining outside the heart. These reports are rare.
Of the cases reported, the problem happened more often after the second dose of the COVID-19 vaccine and typically within one week of COVID-19 vaccination. Most of the people who got care quickly felt better after receiving medicine and resting. Symptoms to watch for include:
- Shortness of breath
- Feelings of having a fast-beating, fluttering or pounding heart
If your child has any of these symptoms within a week of getting a COVID-19 vaccine, seek medical care.
If your child develops myocarditis or pericarditis after a dose of an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine, the CDC recommends avoiding getting another dose of any COVID-19 vaccine.
Because COVID-19 vaccine clinical trials only started in the summer of 2020, it's not yet clear if the vaccines will have long-term effects. However, vaccines rarely cause long-term effects.
A portion of the children in each age group were monitored for safety for at least two months after being fully vaccinated.
In addition, in the U.S. all vaccination providers are required to report serious adverse events, such as allergic reactions, to a national program called the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System.
The Pfizer-BioNTech and the Moderna COVID-19 vaccines use messenger RNA, also called mRNA . Researchers have been studying mRNA vaccines for decades.
Coronaviruses have a spikelike structure on their surface called an S protein. COVID-19 mRNA vaccines give cells instructions for how to make a harmless piece of an S protein. After vaccination, muscle cells begin making the S protein pieces and displaying them on cell surfaces. The immune system recognizes the protein and begins building an immune response and making antibodies. After delivering instructions, the mRNA is immediately broken down. It never enters the nucleus of the cell, where DNA is kept.
Yes. The Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine for children ages 6 months to 4 years old and the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine for children ages 6 months through 5 years contain lower amounts of mRNA than their COVID-19 vaccines for older children and adults.
The Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine for children ages 5 through 11 and the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine for children ages 6 through 11 also contain lower amounts of mRNA than their COVID-19 vaccines for people age 12 and older.
Smaller needles are also used to deliver the vaccine to the younger children.
COVID-19 vaccines shouldn't be given to a child with a known history of a severe allergic reaction to any of its ingredients. If this is the case, your child might be able to get another COVID-19 vaccine in the future.
No. The COVID-19 vaccines currently available and being developed in the U.S. don't use the live virus that causes COVID-19 .
There is no evidence that any vaccines, including COVID-19 vaccines, cause fertility problems in men or women.
It's not clear if getting COVID-19 or a COVID-19 vaccine causes changes in menstruation. A study of about 4,000 people suggests that getting a COVID-19 vaccine is linked with a less than one-day change in menstrual cycle length for each dose. Keep in mind that many things can affect menstrual cycles, including infections, stress, sleep problems, and changes in diet or exercise..
Anyone who has had COVID-19 can develop a post- COVID-19 condition. Research suggests that children with both mild and severe COVID-19 have experienced long-term symptoms. The most common symptoms in children include:
- Tiredness or fatigue
- Trouble sleeping
- Trouble concentrating
- Muscle and joint pain
These symptoms could affect your child's ability to attend school or do his or her usual activities. If your child is experiencing long-term symptoms, consider talking to your child's teachers about his or her needs.
Consult your local health department, pharmacy or your child's health care provider for information on where your child can get a COVID-19 vaccine.
A COVID-19 vaccine and other vaccines can be given on the same day.
Remember, COVID-19 vaccination will protect most people from getting sick with COVID-19 . If you have questions or concerns about your child getting a COVID-19 vaccine, talk to your child's health care provider. They might be able to help you weigh the risks and benefits.
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- Coronavirus (COVID-19) update: FDA expands eligibility for Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine booster dose to children 5 through 11 years. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/coronavirus-covid-19-update-fda-expands-eligibility-pfizer-biontech-covid-19-vaccine-booster-dose. Accessed May 18, 2022.
- COVID-19 vaccine boosters. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/booster-shot.html. Accessed Oct. 17, 2022.
- Coronavirus (COVID-19) update: FDA authorizes Moderna and Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccines for children down to 6 months of age. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/coronavirus-covid-19-update-fda-authorizes-moderna-and-pfizer-biontech-covid-19-vaccines-children. Accessed June 21, 2022.
- Operational guidance for K-12 schools and early care and education programs to support safe in-person learning. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/community/schools-childcare/k-12-childcare-guidance.html. Accessed Aug. 29, 2022.
- Overview of COVID-19 vaccines. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/different-vaccines/overview-COVID-19-vaccines.html. Accessed Aug. 29, 2022.
- Novavax COVID-19 vaccine, adjuvanted. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. https://www.fda.gov/emergency-preparedness-and-response/coronavirus-disease-2019-covid-19/novavax-covid-19-vaccine-adjuvanted. Accessed Aug. 29, 2022.
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Coronavirus (COVID-19) vaccine for children aged 5 to 15
The coronavirus (COVID-19) vaccines are safe and effective.
2 doses are being offered to all children aged 12 to 15, and some aged 5 to 11, to give them the best protection against COVID-19.
When children will be offered the COVID-19 vaccine
All children aged 5 (on or before 31 August 2022) and over can get a 1st and 2nd dose of the coronavirus (COVID-19) vaccine.
Children who turned 5 on or after 1 September 2022 can only get a 1st and 2nd dose of a COVID-19 vaccine if they’re either:
- at high risk due to a health condition or because of a weakened immune system
- living with someone who has a weakened immune system
Children aged 5 and over with a severely weakened immune system can get an additional primary dose.
Some children at high risk from COVID-19 may also be able to get booster doses.
Find out more about:
- How to get a 1st and 2nd dose of the COVID-19 vaccine
- How to get an additional primary dose of the COVID-19 vaccine
- How to get a booster dose of the COVID-19 vaccine
Why children are being offered the COVID-19 vaccine
COVID-19 is usually mild in most children, but it can make some children unwell.
1 dose of the COVID-19 vaccine gives good protection against your child getting seriously ill. They need 2 doses for stronger and longer-lasting protection against future COVID-19 variants.
Vaccinating children can reduce the risk of COVID-19 infection to your child and those around them.
How children can get the COVID-19 vaccine
Parents and guardians will be invited to make an appointment for their child to be vaccinated.
For children you can:
- book their vaccination appointments online for an appointment at a vaccination centre or pharmacy
- find a walk-in vaccination site to get vaccinated without needing an appointment
- wait to be contacted by a local NHS service such as their GP surgery to arrange their appointments
If your child lives with someone who has a weakened immune system
You do not need to take any evidence, but it could help to bring a copy of the NHS invitation sent to the person they live with who has a weakened immune system.
If your child is at high risk from COVID-19
It can help if you bring your child's NHS vaccination invitation, an NHS letter describing their condition or treatment, or a repeat prescription slip or medicine box with their name on it.
If you don’t have any of these, your child should still be able to get vaccinated. But you may have to speak to a healthcare professional first.
If you're not sure if your child is at high risk, see who is at high risk from COVID-19 .
What to do if your child has COVID-19 or symptoms of COVID-19
If your child has COVID-19, or symptoms of COVID-19 but has not had a test, you should wait until their symptoms are better before getting the vaccine.
You should ideally wait:
- 12 weeks (84 days) if your child is aged 5 to 17
- 4 weeks (28 days) if your child is aged 5 to 17 and at high risk from COVID-19, or lives with someone who has a weakened immune system
This starts from the date their symptoms started or from the date of a positive test, whichever was earlier.
Which COVID-19 vaccine will children get?
Children will be given a Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine for their COVID-19 vaccination.
Children aged 5 to 11 (or 12 if they are in school Year 7) will be given smaller doses than older children and adults.
What happens after the vaccination
If your child has certain rare allergies or a history of anaphylaxis, they may be asked to stay for 15 minutes after having the vaccine. This is in the unlikely event they have a serious reaction to the vaccine.
If your child has allergies or had a reaction after a previous dose of the COVID-19 vaccine, tell the staff at the vaccination centre or pharmacy before they are vaccinated.
Research has found it's very rare to have a serious allergic reaction to the vaccine. If this does happen, it usually happens within minutes.
Staff at vaccination centres, pharmacies and schools are trained to deal with reactions and treat them immediately.
- what to expect after vaccination for children and young people aged 12 to 17 on GOV.UK
- what to expect after vaccination for your child aged 5 to 11 on GOV.UK
Side effects and safety
The COVID-19 vaccines approved for use in the UK have met strict standards of safety, quality and effectiveness.
They can cause some side effects in children, but not everyone gets them.
Any side effects are usually mild and should only last 1 or 2 days, such as:
- a sore arm from the injection
- feeling tired
- feeling achy
- flu-like symptoms including shivering (chills)
More serious side effects, such as heart inflammation (myocarditis), are very rare.
Find out more about COVID-19 vaccine side effects and safety for children
COVID-19 vaccine ingredients
The Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine does not contain egg or animal products.
More information
- Guidance for parents on COVID-19 vaccination programme for children aged 12 to 17 on GOV.UK
- COVID-19 vaccination for children and young people aged 12 to 17 on GOV.UK
- A guide for parents on COVID-19 vaccination for children aged 5 to 11 on GOV.UK
Page last reviewed: 24 October 2022 Next review due: 24 April 2023
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Summary of data publicly reported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Date: 3/1/23
[Note: In 2023, we will be updating this report every 2 weeks.]
The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends COVID-19 vaccination for all children and adolescents 6 months of age and older who do not have contraindications using a vaccine authorized for use for their age. See AAP policy .
In this report, drawing on data posted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) as of 3.1.23, the AAP reports progress in vaccinating US children, including the 50 States and District of Columbia.
The report covers the vaccine data available for children 6 months-4 years, and the longer-term data for children 5-11 years and for children 12-17 years of age.
See link below to download the full AAP report. Note: Individual state web sites may have additional or more recent information.
Children Ages 6 Months-4 Years:
As of March 1, 2023, the CDC recorded:
2.0 million US children ages 6 months-4 years have received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine
- Representing 12% of 6 months-4 year-olds
- This past week about 13,000 received their first vaccine dose.
About 15.0 million children 6 months-4 year-olds had yet to receive their first COVID-19 vaccine dose.
Child vaccination rates vary widely across states, ranging from 2% to 43% receiving their first dose.
Children Ages 5-11 Years:
11.1 million US children ages 5-11 have received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine
- Representing 39% of 5-11 year-olds
9.2 million US children ages 5-11 completed the 2-dose vaccination series
- Representing 32% of 5-11 year-olds
About 17.5 million children 5-11 had yet to receive their first COVID-19 vaccine dose. The past week about 7,000 received their first vaccine dose.
Child vaccination rates vary widely across states, ranging from 17% to 82% receiving their first dose.
Children Ages 12-17 Years:
17.9 million US children and adolescents ages 12- 17 have received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine
- Representing 68% of 12-17 year-olds
15.3 million of US children and adolescents ages 12- 17 completed the 2-dose vaccination series
- Representing 58% of 12-17 year-olds
About 8.3 million children 12-17 had yet to receive their first COVID-19 vaccine dose. The past week about 7,000 received their first vaccine dose.
Child vaccination rates vary widely across states, ranging from 40% to 100% receiving their first dose.
Portion of US Children who have received vaccination:
Across the total of US children 6 mos to 17 years, approximately 57%, 41 million children, have not received a first dose of the COVID-19 vaccine.
Source: AAP analysis of data series titled “COVID -19 Vaccinations in the United States, Jurisdiction” as of March 1, 2023. Data cover the 50 States and District of Columbia.
There are 73.6 M children under age 18 in the US, 22% of the population (Census 2021).
The Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine was approved by the CDC in persons aged > 16 years on December 12, 2020, following an EUA from the FDA on December 11th. On May 12, 2021, CDC approved the use of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine in persons aged 12-15 years, following the vaccine’s EUA granted by the FDA on May 10th. The FDA issued an EUA for the Pfizer vaccine for kids aged 5 to 11 on 10.29.2021, followed by CDC recommendation on 11.2.2021.
The FDA authorized the use of Moderna and Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccines for children 6 months-4 years on 6.15.2022, followed by CDC recommendation on 6.18.2022.
Download the Full Report 3/1/2023
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COVID-19 Vaccines
COVID-19 vaccines are safe, effective , and free.
COVID-19 vaccines are available for free to everyone 6 months and older living in the United States, regardless of immigration or insurance status. Getting vaccinated is the best way to help protect people from COVID-19. Get vaccinated if you haven't. If you are fully vaccinated, get a booster when you are eligible.
- Find COVID-19 vaccine information from CDC
- Learn more about COVID-19 vaccine recommendations for children and teens
How do I get a COVID-19 vaccine?
- Text your zip code to 438829
- Call 1-800-232-0233
- Find a vaccine near you
You can also check with your local health department or local news for additional information where vaccines are available in your area.
COVID-19 Vaccine Milestones
December 8, 2022 FDA Authorizes Updated (Bivalent) COVID-19 Vaccines for Children Down to 6 Months of Age
December 9, 2022 CDC Expands Updated COVID-19 Vaccines to Include Children Ages 6 Months through 5 Years
December 9, 2022 HHS Secretary issued a secretarial directive on bivalent vaccines for Children Down to 6 Months of Age
December 9, 2022 Statement from HHS Secretary Xavier Becerra on CDC’s Recommendation of the Updated COVID-19 Vaccines for Young Children
October 13, 2022 HHS Secretary issued a secretarial directive on biavalent COVID-19 vaccine booster doses for individuals ages 5 years and older .
September 2, 2022 HHS Secretary issued a secretarial directive on biavalent COVID-19 vaccine booster doses for individuals ages 12 years and older .
September 2, 2022 HHS Secretary Statement on CDC’s recommendation of an updated COVID-19 vaccine .
July 13, 2022 FDA authorized emergency use of Novavax COVID-19 Vaccine, Adjuvanted for individuals 18 years of age and older.
July 21, 2022 HHS Secretary issued a directive on the use of a two-dose Novavax COVID-19 Vaccine, Adjuvanted for persons ages 18 years and older .
June 17, 2022 FDA authorized Moderna and Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccines for children down to 6 months of age .
June 18, 2022 HHS Secretary issued a directive to expand eligibility of the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine for children 6 months through 5 years old and the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine for children 6 months through 4 years old.
June 24, 2022 HHS Secretary issued a directive to expand eligibility of a two-dose series of the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine for children ages 6 years through 17 years, and an additional Moderna dose for children in that age group who are immunocompromised .
May 17, 2022 FDA expanded eligibility for the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine to allow a single booster dose for children 5 through 11 years of age .
May 23, 2022 HHS Secretary issued a directive to expand eligibility for a single booster dose to children ages 5 through 11 years and updated the recommendation of a second COVID-19 vaccine booster dose to certain populations .
March 29, 2022 FDA authorized the second booster dose of either the Pfizer-BioNTech or the Moderna COVID-19 vaccines for adults ages 50 years and older and certain immunocompromised individuals.
January 10, 2022 HHS Secretary issued a directive to expand eligibility for children ages 12 through 15 years to receive a booster dose of the Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine, and to allow a third vaccine dose for immunocompromised children 5 through 11 years of age.
January 31, 2022 FDA approved the second COVID-19 vaccine , Spikevax (COVID-19 Vaccine, mRNA), which was previously known as Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine; the approved vaccine will be marketed as Spikevax for the prevention of COVID-19 in individuals 18 years of age and older.
December 10, 2021 HHS Secretary issued a directive to expand eligibility for adolescents ages 16 and 17 to receive a booster dose of the Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine.
November 3, 2021 HHS Secretary issued a directive to expand eligibility for children five years and older to receive an age-appropriate dose of the Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine.
November 8, 2021 A joint letter from HHS Secretary Becerra and Education Secretary Cardona is issued about how schools can support COVID-19 vaccination for children.
November 21, 2021 HHS Secretary issued a directive to expand eligibility for all adults ages 18 and older to receive a booster dose of COVID-19 vaccines.
October 20, 2021 FDA amended the emergency use authorizations (EUAs) to allow for a single booster dose the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine and Janssen (Johnson and Johnson) COVID-19 vaccine . FDA also authorized the use of heterologous (or "mix-and-match") booster dose of an available vaccine in eligible individuals following completion of primary vaccination with a different COVID-19 vaccine.
October 22, 2021 HHS Secretary issued a directive on Moderna and Janssen (Johnson and Johnson) vaccine boosters *
October 29, 2021 FDA authorized the emergency use (EUA) for the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine for the prevention of COVID-19 to include children 5 through 11 years of age .
September 22, 2021 FDA amended the emergency use authorization (EUA) to allow a single booster dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine to be administered at least six months after completion of the vaccine's primary series in certain populations.
September 25, 2021 HHS Secretary issued a directive to allow a booster dose of the Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine to certain populations .
August 23, 2021 FDA approved the first COVID-19 vaccine, Comirnaty (COVID-19 Vaccine, mRNA), which was previously known as Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine, for the prevention of COVID-19 disease in individuals 16 years of age and older.
May 10, 2021 FDA amended the emergency use authorization for the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine to include adolescents 12 through 15 years of age .
April 19, 2021 The White House announced that all people age 16 and older are eligible for the COVID-19 vaccine .
March 2, 2021 Acting HHS Secretary directed that teachers, school staff, and child care workers are eligible for COVID-19 vaccinations *.
March 17, 2021 Acting HHS Secretary issued a directive to expand COVID-19 vaccine eligibility to all Americans * by May 1, 2021.
February 27, 2021 FDA issued the third EUA for use of the Janssen COVID-19 vaccine in persons aged 18 years and older for the prevention of COVID-19.
December 11, 2020 FDA issued the first emergency use authorization (EUA) for use of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine in persons aged 16 years and older for the prevention of COVID-19.
December 14, 2020 The first deliveries of the COVID-19 vaccines began.
December 18, 2020 FDA issued the second EUA for use of the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine in persons aged 18 years and older for the prevention of COVID-19.
COVID-19 Vaccine Development and Authorization
The federal government has been working since the pandemic started to develop, manufacture, and distribute safe and effective COVID-19 vaccines.
Years before the COVID-19 pandemic, scientists were already studying coronaviruses to find out how to protect against them. When the COVID-19 pandemic began, researchers were able to come up with vaccines for this new virus much faster because of work that was already happening.
FDA Authorization
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) reviews and evaluates COVID-19 vaccines for quality, safety, and effectiveness. The FDA then issues Emergency Use Authorizations (EUAs) for certain vaccines that meet rigorous, science-based standards. The FDA determines that these vaccines are safe and effective for public use.
CDC Recommendation
After the FDA authorizes the emergency use of a vaccine, an independent panel of medical and health experts called the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) provides recommendations and guidance to the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) regarding the use of the vaccine.
FDA Approval
When the FDA approves a vaccine, it must undergo the agency's standard approval process for reviewing the quality, safety and effectiveness. The FDA's Center for Drug Evaluation and Research conducts an analysis of the benefits and risks to ensure the vaccine meets the FDA's standards for approval.
Find vaccine overviews, safety information, and ingredient lists:
- Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine
- Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine
- Johnson & Johnson's Janssen COVID-19 Vaccine
- Novavax COVID-19, Adjuvanted Vaccine
Building Vaccine Confidence
Some people have questions before they get vaccinated. We are working to meet people where they are and help them understand that vaccines are safe, effective, and the best way to combat COVID-19. If you want to do more to build vaccine confidence in your community, join the COVID-19 Community Corps , a nationwide, grassroots network of local voices and trusted community leaders.
- Read about common myths and learn the facts.
- Find more resources to promote vaccine confidence.
COVID-19 Vaccine Distribution
During the COVID-19 pandemic, each state, tribe, and territory received allocations of vaccines and developed its own plan for distributing the vaccine to people in their jurisdiction.
Vaccinations in the United States began on December 14, 2020.
Tribal health programs and Urban Indian Organizations (UIOs) decided to receive vaccines either through the Indian Health Service (IHS) or through the State. To better understand the needs of American Indian and Alaska Native, HHS initiated tribal consultation in September 2020 to seek input from tribal leaders on COVID-19 vaccination planning for Indian Country.
- View a list of tribal health programs and UIOs receiving vaccines from IHS
To ensure the equitable distribution of COVID-19 vaccines, the federal government stood up programs to reach high-risk communities directly and quickly.
- The Federal Retail Pharmacy Program sent doses to 21 pharmacy partners with over 40,000 activated stores, 40% of which are located in high-risk zip codes.
- The Health Center COVID-19 Vaccine Program allocates doses directly to community-based health centers who sign up to receive and administer COVID-19 vaccines. The program is open to more than 1,400 health centers nationwide. Over 91% of these health center patients are individuals or families living at or below 200% of the Federal Poverty Guidelines.
- The Rural Health Clinic COVID-19 Vaccine Distribution (RHCVD) Program distributes doses directly to Rural Health Clinics in medically-underserved rural communities.
Vaccine Data
As more and more people get their vaccines, you can track the total number of COVID-19 vaccinations administered in the United States .
*This content is in the process of Section 508 review. If you need immediate assistance accessing this content, please submit a request to [email protected] . Content will be updated pending the outcome of the Section 508 review.
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Children's mercy ready to offer covid-19 vaccine to kids 12-15 once cdc gives go-ahead.
Hospital will be offering appointments for the vaccine on its website
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Kansas City children as young as 12 years old could get their first dose of the COVID-19 vaccine by the end of the week. The Food and Drug Administration just authorized emergency use of the Pfizer vaccine in that younger age group. When the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention signs off on it, Children's Mercy will be ready to go.
Within 24 hours, the CDC is expected to sign off on emergency use of the Pfizer vaccine in children 12 to 15 years old. It's a move that Children's Mercy has been waiting for.
"It's going to get our kids back to normal. It's going to get them back to school. It's going to get us back to seeing our grandparents, and in the community safely. We're really excited about that opportunity," said Dr. Ryan McDonough, of Children's Mercy Hospital.
As far as potential side effects in children, doctors at Children's Mercy tell us it's about the same as what we're seeing in adults: a possible fever and a sore arm that generally goes away in a few days.
For those questioning the importance of vaccinating young people, doctors say twice as many children have died of COVID-19 as typically die from the flu. Also, there's an inflammatory condition that can develop in children with COVID-19 so doctors encourage getting the vaccine.
"We can save lives. We can prevent hospitalizations and intensive care. We can prevent MISC by getting these kids vaccinated. In addition, we can also prevent infections to parents and grandparents and aunts and uncles," said Dr. Angela Myers, director of infectious diseases at Children's Mercy Hospital.
Children's Mercy already has a significant supply of the Pfizer vaccine on hand so with CDC approval and the go ahead from Missouri and Kansas, this new phase of vaccination could happen fast.
"I think we were all just a little surprised, but we have been prepping for weeks in anticipation, so we're ready to go just as soon as those authorizations come in," McDonough said.
When it gets the go-ahead, Children's Mercy will be offering appointments for the vaccine on its website . Just be sure to register for the clinic on the side of the state line where you live.
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KFF COVID-19 Vaccine Monitor
The kff covid-19 vaccine monitor dashboard provides an overview of the findings on several key topics highlighted below, parents & kids, (mis)information & trust, masking & precautions, pandemic impacts, vaccines/boosters, one in five parents of children under age five say their child has gotten vaccinated or will get it asap, almost half say they "definitely" won't get it.
About one in seven (16%) parents of children ages 6 months through 4 years old now say their child has gotten vaccinated for COVID-19, steady since September, but up from July. Few remaining parents of children in this age range (5%) say they plan to vaccinate their children “right away,” while 14% say they want to “wait and see” and another 20% of parents of young children will get them vaccinated “only if required” for school or other activities. Less than half (45%) of parents of children ages 6 months through 4 years old say they will “definitely not” get their child vaccinated for COVID-19. The share who say they will “definitely not” get their young child vaccinated for COVID-19 has increased from surveys taken earlier this year, when the vaccines were not yet available.
Almost Half Of Parents Of Kids Ages 5-11 Say Their Child Has Been Vaccinated
Reported vaccine uptake among children ages 5-11 has slowed slightly in recent months. Almost half of parents of kids ages 5-11 now report their child has gotten vaccinated (46%), continuing to tick up from earlier in the year. Just 2% of parents now say they will get their child vaccinated right away, and another 9% of parents of 5-11 year-olds still want to “wait and see.”
The share who say they will get their 5-11 year-old vaccinated “only if required” (8%) or will “definitely not” get them vaccinated (35%) has held steady over the past few months.
Reported Vaccination Rates For Teenagers Remain Steady, A Third Of Parents Say Their Child Won't Get The COVID-19 Vaccine
Parents’ intentions to vaccinate their older children have remained relatively steady since the start of the year. Almost six in ten parents of teenagers, ages 12-17, say their child has been vaccinated (62%), with very few parents who say they want to “wait and see” before deciding (2%). Around three in ten parents of 12-17 year-olds say they will definitely not get their child vaccinated (31%) while a further 5% say they will only do so if they are required.
Fewer Than Half Of Parents Of Children Between The Ages of 12-17 And 5-11 Say Their Child Has Gotten The Updated Booster Or Will Likely Do So
About one in four parents of teenagers ages 12 to 17 say their child has already gotten the updated COVID-19 booster (16%) or that they will definitely be doing so (8%). A further 18% say their teen will probably get the update booster. Notably, about four in ten parents of teenagers say their 12-17 year old is not vaccinated for COVID-19 and therefore not eligible to get the updated bivalent booster.
Among parents of younger children between the ages of 5 and 11, six in ten (61%) say their child is unvaccinated and therefore not eligible for the new COVID-19 booter. About one in five parents say their 5 to 11 year old has either gotten the updated booster (14%) or will definitely be doing so (7%), while a further 9% say their child will probably get the updated booster.
Perceived Lack Of Research, Potential Side Effects, And Safety Concerns Are Among The Top Reasons Why Parents Say They Won't Vaccinate Their Young Children
Majorities of parents of children between 6 months and 4 years concerned about long-term, serious side effects of covid-19 vaccine in children, black and hispanic adults more likely to have experienced negative impacts of the pandemic, black and hispanic parents are less likely than white parents to feel their child is very safe from covid-19 at school, trust in government sources for covid-19 vaccine information has fallen, particularly among republicans, seven in ten women who are pregnant or planning to believe or are unsure about at least one piece of misinformation surrounding pregnancy and covid-19 vaccines, questions about pregnancy, fertility and the covid-19 vaccines answered.
More Than Two in Five Adults Say They Are More Likely To Take Precautions Due To News Of The "Tripledemic"
Slim majority say they're wearing a mask every or most of the time, higher shares among democrats, lower income, black and hispanic adults, six in ten adults say people should continue masking to avoid covid-19 surges, with splits by partisanship, income, race, half say covid-19 pandemic had a negative impact on their mental health, four in ten on physical health, financial situation, many workers, including six in ten of those earning less than $40,000, report having to miss work during past three months due to covid-19 concerns, two-thirds of young adults report negative impacts from the covid-19 pandemic on their mental health, compared to 2019, more adults now say parents should be able to decide not to vaccinate their children for measles, mumps, and rubella, four in ten workers say they are required to get vaccinated, one in ten would like to be required, and another four in ten don't want a requirement, adults split on whether k-12 schools should require covid-19 vaccines, with significant partisan divides, democrats, seniors, college graduates, and those with higher incomes remain most likely to be vaccinated and have received their covid-19 booster dose, bivalent booster uptake up slightly since december.
Although about half of adults (46%) say they are taking at least some protective measures given the news of COVID-19, RSV, and the flu spreading in the U.S. this winter, a smaller share of adults are doing the thing public officials are emphasizing the most: getting the updated bivalent booster. About four in ten adults say they have either received the updated bivalent COVID-19 booster dose (28%) or that they plan to get it “as soon as possible” (14%). In a slight uptick from last month’s Covid Vaccine Monitor, nearly three in ten (28%) adults now say they have already gotten the updated booster, up from 22% in December. Still, about one in ten adults say they want to “wait and see” before getting the updated shot (12%), and the same share (12%) says they will get it “only if required.” A further 11% say they will “definitely not” get the updated booster and about one in five (22%) adults are not eligible for the updated dose since they are unvaccinated or only partially vaccinated.
Bivalent Booster Uptake Highest Among Seniors, Democrats, and Immunocompromised Adults
Nearly half (47%) of adults ages 65 and older say they have already gotten the updated bivalent booster, and a further one in ten (12%) say they plan to get it “as soon as possible.” Though relatively few (3%) say they will only get the updated vaccine if required, a further one in five adults 65 and older say either say they will “definitely not” get the updated booster (12%) or remain ineligible to receive it (11%), leaving a sizeable share of this vulnerable group without the protection of the vaccine.
Across Age Groups, Most Adults Cite Not Thinking They Need The New Booster As Primary Reason They Have Not Received It
Adults who are vaccinated but have not yet received the updated bivalent booster cite a range of reasons for why they have not yet done so. About half (51%) say they feel they have enough protection from their initial COVID-19 vaccine or a prior infection of the virus, and about four in ten (44%) say they don’t think they need the new booster. Reflecting that there is still some interest in getting an updated dose, about three in ten (29%) say they are "too busy” or “have not had time to get it.” Other less frequently cited reasons include the nearly one in five (19%) of adults who say they had bad side effects from a previous COVID-19 dose, or they cannot afford to take time off work to get the booster or deal with the side effects of the vaccine (15%). Similar shares say they have not gotten an updated bivalent booster because they think “COVID is over” (15%), while about one in ten (12%) say they are not sure how or where to get the booster.
Large Shares Across Partisans Question The Value Of The Updated COVID-19 Booster
The top reasons given by those eligible for the new booster who have not yet gotten it are similar across partisans, but the share who say each reason varies. Majorities of Republicans or Republican-leaning independents say they have not gotten the booster because they feel they have enough protection from a previous dose or infection (62%), or they don’t think they need it (56%). These are also the top reasons given by Democrats and Democratic-leaning independents, but four in ten of this group (43%) say they feel they have enough protection and about one in three (34%) say they don’t think they need the new booster. Other reasons are more frequently mentioned by Democrats and Democratic-leaning independents than Republicans, including being too busy or not having time (37% vs. 17%), that they can’t afford to take time off work to get the booster or deal with side effects (19% vs. 10%), or they are not sure how or where to get the booster (15% vs. 6%). Notably, one-fourth (27%) of Republicans say they have not gotten a booster because they think “COVID is over.”
More Than Half Of Adults Who Have Gotten The Bivalent Booster Are Waiting For The CDC To Update Guidelines So They Can Get Another Shot
The January COVID-19 Vaccine Monitor survey finds many who have already received the new booster are now eagerly awaiting guidance from the CDC about when they can be eligible for another shot. More than half (54%) of adults who have received the bivalent booster say they are waiting on the CDC to issue new guidelines so they can be eligible for another booster. Overall, 15% of U.S. adults say they are waiting on the CDC to issue new guidelines.
More Than Four In Five Adults Who Have Received The Bivalent Booster Say Getting Another Booster Is Important
When asked about getting another booster shot in the future, the vast majority of adults (86%) who have already gotten the bivalent booster say it’s important, including more than one-third (37%) who say it is a “top priority” and half (49%) who say it is “important but not a top priority.” A further one in ten (10%) say it is “not too important,” while 3% say it is something they don’t plan to do.
Americans’ Attitudes and Experiences with COVID-19 Vaccines: What We’ve Learned from the Vaccine Monitor
KFF COVID-19 Vaccine Monitor is an ongoing research project tracking the public’s attitudes and experiences with COVID-19 vaccinations. Using a combination of surveys and qualitative research, the Monitor tracks the dynamic nature of public opinion as vaccine development and distribution unfold, including vaccine confidence and acceptance, information needs, trusted messengers and messages, as well as the public’s experiences with vaccination. A list of all Vaccine Monitor reports is available here .
Health Issues
When can kids get the covid vaccine or booster.
COVID vaccines are our best hope to move beyond the COVID pandemic. Nearly all kids age 6 months and older are eligible for COVID vaccines and a booster dose if it has been at least 2 months since they received their last primary series dose or primary booster.
The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommend COVID vaccines for everyone age 6 months and older. The vaccine equips your child's immune system to recognize and resist the virus. This protects them and everyone around them from serious disease and hospitalization from COVID.
Parents should not wait to get their child or teen vaccinated against COVID. More contagious variants of the virus are spreading quickly and infecting more people.
Do kids still need the primary series—or can they just get the updated booster?
The primary series provides a base of protection against severe disease, including hospitalizations and death. If your child is 6 months old or older, they need to get all recommended doses of the original COVID vaccine before receiving the updated COVID vaccine. If your child or teen only got one COVID shot and it was several months ago, they do not need to start over. But they should get the rest of the original vaccine doses recommended for them, followed by the updated vaccine.
For COVID vaccines, the size of the dose and type of vaccine depend on a child's age. Babies and young children get a smaller dose than older children and teens.
Two COVID vaccines (mRNA vaccines from Pfizer BioNTech and Moderna) are available for kids age 6 months to 11 years old. A third COVID vaccine ( protein subunit vaccine from Novavax) is authorized for kids age 12 years and older.
See the chart below for details on how many doses kids need based on their age. Parents should note that additional doses may be recommended if a child has certain medical conditions or takes medicines that weaken the immune system.
If your child has a medical condition or takes medicines that affect their immune system, ask your pediatrician whether your child's recommended schedule is different. If you are unsure about the timing of your child's vaccinations, do not hesitate to ask your pediatrician!
*Children ages 6 months through 4 years who got 3 doses of Pfizer should not get a fourth dose at this time.
Source: AAP Pediatric COVID-19 Vaccine Dosing Quick Reference Guide, https://aap.org/CovidVaccineGuide
Do kids need to wait to get the vaccine if they had COVID?
Talk to your pediatrician about the best timing for vaccination following infection. If your child has an active COVID-19 infection or had COVID between doses, they should wait to get vaccinated until they've recovered and are no longer contagious.
Children who recently had COVID can consider delaying a COVID-19 vaccine by up to 3 months as there is a lower risk of getting sick with COVID again during that time. But it is important to note that with the recent variants, some people have gotten COVID again within 3 months.
People still should get all recommended doses even if they had COVID. This is because COVID vaccines have been shown to provide the strongest, broadest and most long-lasting protection, both in people who have and who have not had COVID infection previously. People who are not vaccinated and become infected also may be at higher risk of long-term effects from their infection (known as long COVID or post-COVID conditions ).
One thing is certain: COVID-19 vaccines are preventing severe illness, hospitalization and death for billions of people who've received them already. We are relieved that almost all children and teens can get the vaccines, so they can enjoy their communities safely.
More information
- Getting My COVID Vaccine: A Picture Story for Kids
- COVID Vaccines for Kids 6 Months and Older: FAQs for Families
- COVID Vaccine Checklist for Kids
Sedgwick County prepared to begin vaccinating 12-15-year-olds
WICHITA, Kan. (KWCH) - The Sedgwick County Health Department this week said that when the FDA authorization comes down to extend COVID-19 vaccinations to 12-to-15-year-olds, it will be ready to administer shots to the newest-eligible age group.
With fewer adults coming to get a vaccine, Sedgwick County said it has the staff dedicated to vaccinating the younger group when they become eligible.
With the FDA expected to make that official next week, Wichita pediatrician Dr. Paul Teran, M.D. with KU School of Medicine-Wichita and Wesley Children’s Hospital, said he and other pediatricians have been watching this effort closely.
With the summertime used by parents to get their children in for checkups and up-to-date on vaccinations, that would be the perfect time to talk with your children’s primary care provider to get questions answered about the vaccine, said Dr. Teran.
Trial data released by Pfizer in March shows that in a vaccine trial of 2,260 kids, the vaccine proved to be 100 percent effective in producing an antibody response without severe adverse side effects.
“It’s amazing.” Dr. Teran said, “There’s a lot of optimism knowing that kids produce a great vaccine response and we didn’t see the adverse effects in that initial trial.”
Dr. Teran said while most children don’t face severe illness from COVID-19, there are some who do.
“Although most kids have a mild illness, we have seen kids with severe illness,” Dr. Teran said. “We’ve seen kids with the long-COVID symptoms that last for many months and they’re still facing some of the difficulties from it.”
Kids can also spread the virus to adults and that is concerning if people are immunocompromised.
“They’re around parents, they’re around grandparents. They could be around great-grandparents and whether or not they’re vaccinated, they [kids] need to be vaccinated so they can’t pass it on.” Sedgwick County Health Department Director Adrienne Bryne said, “We know that the vaccines are very effective, however, our own immune systems can affect the effectiveness.”
As families look toward summer vacations and activities, Sedgwick County Health Department Director Adrienne Bryne said the vaccine provides the promise of a healthier summer.
“Kids throughout Wichita, throughout Kansas, throughout the nation have undergone a lot through COVID-19 and it’s great to be able to find an even better way to protect them,” said Dr. Teran.
Currently, it’s recommended that people don’t get any other vaccines two weeks before getting the COVID-19 vaccine in order to monitor for adverse effects. Dr. Teran said when the FDA makes 12-to-15-year-olds eligible, he is going to be watching if that waiting period is going to be changed for kids.
“If the FDA or CDC has different recommendations for kids because that waiting period mostly to see if there are any adverse side effects of the COVID-19 vaccine and if you can get other vaccines with the COVID-19 vaccine,” said Dr. Teran.
Bryne said although the FDA approval for younger teens is coming down a little more than a week later than previously expected, it’s a welcome addition that health officials hope will lead to a significant jump in vaccinations countywide.
“We thought it might be here at the end of April, so we’re glad that it’s coming at the beginning at the beginning of May,” Bryne said. “What that means is that we can get more people vaccinated.”
The county is working to help educate parents and kids about the vaccine by working with schools.
“We have already been going into schools where the superintendents and principals are comfortable with us going in and we go in either during the day and talking with the kids or hang posters up and be there if anyone has questions.” Byrne said, “We also are doing some evening ones so that the parents can be there as well and we answer questions. That’s the type of thing we’ve also been doing. That’s the outreach we’ve been doing in the preparation of 12 to 15-year-olds being able to be vaccinated.”
Copyright 2021 KWCH. All rights reserved.
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COMMENTS
CDC recommends COVID-19 vaccines for everyone ages 6 months and older, ... Infection Among Children Aged 5–11 Years and Adolescents Aged 12–15 Years
CDC recommends 1 updated booster dose: ... There is no booster recommendation for children aged 6 months–4 years who got the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine
For kids ages 12 through 15, the FDA reviewed a vaccine study of more than 2,200 U.S. children in this age range. Of this group, about half were given the
The coronavirus (COVID-19) vaccines are safe and effective. 2 doses are being offered to all children aged 12 to 15, and some aged 5 to 11, to give them the
On May 12, 2021, CDC approved the use of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine in persons aged 12-15 years, following the vaccine's EUA granted by the FDA on
HHS Secretary issued a directive to expand eligibility for children ages 12 through 15 years - PDF to receive a booster dose of the Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine
The Food and Drug Administration just authorized emergency use of the Pfizer vaccine in that younger age group. When the Centers for Disease
15%. 22%. NOTE: Among parents or guardians of children between the ages of 12 and 17. April 2021 question wording: "Once there is a COVID-19 vaccine
Nearly all kids age 6 months and older are eligible for COVID vaccines and a booster dose if it has been at least 2 months since they
COVID-19 vaccinations could soon be available for kids ages 12 to 15. By Shawn Loging. Published: May. 4, 2021 at 3:31 PM PDT. WICHITA, Kan.